@article {4755,
	title = {Can Militants use Violence to Win Public Support? Evidence from the Second Intifada},
	journal = {Journal of Conflict Resolution,},
	volume = {59},
	number = {3},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {528-549},
	abstract = {This paper investigates whether attacks against Israeli targets help Palestinian factions gain public support.\&nbsp; We link individual level survey data to the full list of Israeli and Palestinian fatalities during the period of the Second Intifada (2000-2005), and estimate a flexible discrete choice model for faction supported.\&nbsp; We find some support for the {\textquotedblleft}outbidding{\textquotedblright} hypothesis, the notion that Palestinian factions use violence to gain prestige and influence public opinion within the community.\&nbsp; In particular, the two leading Palestinian factions, Hamas and Fatah, gain in popularity following successful attacks against Israeli targets.\&nbsp; Our results suggest, however, that most movement occurs within either the secular groups or within the Islamist groups, but not between them.\&nbsp; That is, Fatah{\textquoteright}s gains come at the expense of smaller secular factions while Hamas{\textquoteright} gains come at the expense of smaller Islamic factions and the disaffected.\&nbsp; In contrast, attacks by the Palestinian Islamic Jihad lower support for that faction.},
	author = {David Jaeger and Esteban F. Klor and Sami Miaari and M. Daniele Paserman}
}
