@book {24994,
	title = {Practicing piety in medieval Ashkenaz: men, women, and everyday religious observance},
	series = {Jewish culture and contexts},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {334},
	publisher = {Univ. of Pennsylvania Press},
	organization = {Univ. of Pennsylvania Press},
	address = {Philadelphia},
	keywords = {Ashkenazim, Ashkenazim History To 1500, Christianity and other religions, Christianity and other religions Judaism History To 1500, EUROPE, France, GERMANY, Hasidism, Medieval, HISTORY, Jewish way of life, Jewish way of life History To 1500, JEWS, Jews Europe Social life and customs To 1500, Jews France Social life and customs History To 1500, Jews Germany Social life and customs History To 1500, Judaism, Judaism Europe History To 1500, Judaism History, Judaism Relations Christianity History To 1500, Relations Christianity History, Social life and customs, Social life and customs History, To 1500},
	isbn = {978-0-8122-4640-7},
	author = {Elisheva Baumgarten}
}
@article {24984,
	title = {Daily Commodities and Religious Identity in the Medieval Jewish Communities of Northern Europe},
	journal = {Studies in Church History},
	volume = {50},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {97 - 121},
	abstract = {The Hebrew chronicle written by Solomon b. Samson recounts the mass conversion of the Jews of Regensburg in 1096.{\textquoteright} The Jews were herded and forced into the local river where a {\textquoteleft}sign was made over the water, the sign of a cross{\textquoteright} and thus they were baptized, all together in the same river. The local German rivers play another role in the accounts of the turbulent events of the Crusade persecutions. They were also the place where Jews evaded conversion, drowning themselves in water, rather than being baptized by what the chronicles{\textquoteright} authors call the {\textquoteleft}stinking waters{\textquoteright} of Christianity. Reading these Hebrew chronicles, one is immediately struck by the tremendous revulsion expressed toward the waters of baptism. Indeed, in his analysis of the symbolic significance of the baptismal waters for medieval Jews, Ivan Marcus has suggested that baptism by force in the local rivers was so traumatic that they instituted a ritual response during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. One component of the medieval Jewish child initiation ceremony to Torah study was performed on the banks of the river, expressing Jewish aversion to baptism (see Fig. i).},
	isbn = {0424-2084, 2059-0644},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0424208400001674/type/journal_article},
	author = {Elisheva Baumgarten}
}
@article {24971,
	title = {The Intellectual History and Rabbinic Culture of Medieval Ashkenaz},
	journal = {Journal of Jewish Studies},
	volume = {65},
	number = {2},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {442 - 445},
	isbn = {00222097, 20566689},
	url = {https://www.jjs-online.net/archives/article/3204},
	author = {Elisheva Baumgarten}
}
@inbook {24947,
	title = {Christian Time in a Jewish Miscellany: A Hebrew Christian Calendar from Thirteenth Century Northern France},
	booktitle = {Religious cohabitation in European towns (10th-15th centuries)},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {169 - 183},
	publisher = {Brepols Publishers},
	organization = {Brepols Publishers},
	address = {Turnhout},
	isbn = {978-2-503-55252-1 978-2-503-55287-3},
	url = {https://www.brepolsonline.net/doi/10.1484/M.RELMIN-EB.5.103868},
	author = {Elisheva Baumgarten},
	editor = {Tolan, John V. and Boissellier, St{\'e}phane}
}
