The invention provides a process for forming highly ordered, conductive and transparent patterns on flexible heat-sensitive surfaces. The invention relates to sintering nanoparticles at room temp. Patterning is done by a patterning device and the self-assembly of the nanoparticles. [on SciFinder(R)]

The invention provides compns. and methods for prevention, treatment, or management of pulmonary hypertension using piperidine, pyrrolidine, or azepane derivs. comprising one to four nitric oxide (NO) donor groups and a reactive oxygen species (ROS) degrdn. catalyst. The invention further provides a water dispersible powder comprising nanoparticles comprising said derivs., as well as pharmaceutical compns. thereof and methods of use. Rat exptl. models of pulmonary hypertension were treated for 10 days with 3-nitratomethyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidinyloxy for effective treatment. Dispersible powders contg. nanoparticles of 3-nitratomethyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidinyloxy were prepd. [on SciFinder(R)]

Methods for the manuf. of a conductive transparent film on a substrate are described which entail coating the substrate with a first material to form a wet film of the first material on at least a region of a surface of the substrate; treating the film with at least one second material capable of displacing the first material in the film at the point of contact to expose the substrate to provide an array of spaced apart ring-voids in the film; and optionally treating the film to render the first material conductive. Methods for the manuf. of a conductive transparent pattern on a substrate are also described which entail treating a substrate with a plurality of droplets of a conductive material and permitting the droplets to form an array of intersecting ring structures on the substrate, the conductive material being selected from a combination of one or more metals or metal precursors, a semiconductor material, a carbon-based material, and/or quantum dots to obtain a conductive transparent pattern on the substrate. The substrate may comprise a material selected from glass, paper, inorg. or org. semiconductor materials, polymeric materials, and ceramics. Substrates are also described which are provided with a conductive transparent film of a material having a plurality of spaced apart material-free voids. Devices (e.g., photoconductors, photodiodes, solar cells, light emitting diodes, org. light emitting diodes, lasers, light sensors, transistors, org. transistors, inorg. transistors, hybrid transistors, touch screens, display backplanes, large area display arrays, flexible displays, electromagnetic interference shielding layers, and e-paper) provided with ≥1 of the conductive films are also described. [on SciFinder(R)]

An electrodeposition process is provided for depositing a film of org. nanoparticles from liq. dispersion on conductive surfaces. A special feature of the nanoparticles is their ability to aggregate as a response to pH change. The diffusing phase was formed by polylactic acid (43.9 mg) dissoln. in acetone (7.5 mL) and this phase was added dropwise to the dispersing phase of water (TDW, 20 mL) contg. Na oleate (22.2 mg) and NaOH (0.3 mg) while applying continuous moderate stirring to give a dispersion of polylactic acid nanoparticles (av. diam. 153 nm). [on SciFinder(R)]

A process is disclosed for low temp. sintering of a pattern on a substrate. The substrate is precoated with a film of said nanoparticles and subsequently treated with said at least one sintering agent. The nanoparticles and at least one sintering agent are pre-formulated in an aq. dispersion, said dispersion being applied onto the substrate and allowed to dry at 5-150°. Nanoparticles comprising at least one metal silver, copper, gold, indium, tin, iron, cobalt, platinum, titanium, titanium oxide, silicon, silicon oxide or any oxide or alloy thereof. Said sintering agent contains chloride, e.g., poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDAC). Said polymer is selected amongst polyimides and polypyrroles. A dispersant is selected from polycarboxylic acid esters, unsatd. polyamides, polycarboxylic acids, alkylamine salts of polycarboxylic acids, polyacrylate dispersants, polyethyleneimine dispersants and polyurethane dispersants. Said substrate is selected from glass, polymeric films, plain paper, porous paper, nonporous paper, coated paper, flexible paper, copier paper, photo paper, glossy photopaper, semi-glossy photopaper, heavy wt. matte paper, billboard paper, vinyl paper, high gloss polymeric films, transparent conductive materials, and plastics: polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyacrylates (PA), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethersulfone (PES), polyethylene (PE), polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP) and polycarbonate (PC). [on SciFinder(R)]

A process for prodn. of silica nanocapsules comprises (a) obtaining a nanoemulsion of an aq. phase and an oil phase and at least one surfactant, the nanoemulsion being formed by the process comprising (i) forming an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion of an aq. phase and an oil phase comprising at least one hydrophobic material and at least one silica precursor in the presence of at least one surfactant, (ii) heating the O/W emulsion above its phase inversion temp. (PIT) to obtain a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion, and (iii) cooling the W/O emulsion below the PIT temp., thereby forming a nanoemulsion of oil droplets in water, and (b) inducing interfacial polymn. of the silica precursor around the oil droplets in the nanoemulsions thereby obtaining the silica nanocapsules. The hydrophobic material is selected from a wide range of oils and waxes, and the process may be used to encapsulate drugs, bioactive compds., cosmetic materials, flavoring agents, colorants, and antioxidants. [on SciFinder(R)]

A compn. including a plurality of multi-metallic nanoparticles each consisting essentially of a core comprising at least one first metal (Me1) and a continuous shell comprising atoms of at least one second metal (Me2). Optionally, the continuous shell of Me2 atoms protects the Me1 atoms from oxidn. at all temps. ≤150°. The reducing agent includes: hydrazine hydrate, sodium borohydride, sodium formaldehydesulfoxilate (Rongalite), ascorbic acid and sodium ascorbate. The water sol. polymer is a polyelectrolyte including polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid sodium salt,polycarboxylatethers, polyimine, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, proteins and polypyrrole, polysaccharides. Said Me2 salt comprises: silver, gold, palladium and platinum. Said Me1 comprises: zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt and iron. [on SciFinder(R)]

A liq. coloring compn. comprises a coffee soln. or coffee ext. and an ink vehicle. The coloring compn. (composed of edible components) is suitable for use as an ink in a non-impact printing device, including an ink jet type printer. Thus, an ink formulation may include 89.9% coffee conc., 5% propylene glycol, 5% glycerol, and 0.1% Tween 80. A process for applying a design to a food substrate includes use of a non-impact printing device, in which the ink cartridge or external container contains this coloring compn. [on SciFinder(R)]

The invention provides a redispersible powder and aq. dispersions comprising nanoparticles of water insol. org. compds. The invention further provides methods for prepg. the redispersible powder and the aq. dispersion, wherein the methods comprise prepn. of an oil-in-water microemulsion and solvent removal. Thus, an oil-in-water microemulsion was prepd. contg. sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) 8 %, Bu acetate 3.5 %, 2-propanol 3.5 %, water 82 % and Pr paraben 3 %. [on SciFinder(R)]

The invention provides a redispersible powder and aq. dispersions comprising nanoparticles of water insol. org. pesticides. The invention further provides methods for prepg. the redispersible powder and the aq. dispersion, wherein the methods comprise prepn. of an oil-in-water nanoemulsion or microemulsion and solvent removal. The invention also provides pesticidal compns. comprising the redispersible powder and/or aq. dispersions. [on SciFinder(R)]

The present invention provides an in vitro system for compartmentalization of mol. or cellular libraries and provides methods for selection and isolation of desired mols. or cells from the libraries. The library includes a plurality of distinct mols. or cells encapsulated within a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion. The emulsion includes a continuous external aq. phase and a discontinuous dispersion of water-in-oil droplets. The internal aq. phase of a plurality of such droplets comprises a specific mol. or cell that is within the plurality of distinct mols. or cells of the library. Thus, for example, mutants with improved β-galactosidase activity can be selected from a random mutagenesis library of evolved β-galactosidase lacZ gene using a double emulsion selection system. [on SciFinder(R)]

The invention relates to an ink-jet ink compn. for printing on a ceramic substrate comprising: (a) a liq. vehicle; (b) sub-micron particles of binding compn. having a m.p. below 6000C; and (c) sub-micron particles causing an etch-like effect, said sub-micron particles are selected from metal oxide particles, high m.p. frit particles, and a combination thereof, said sub-micron particles causing an etch-like effect have a m.p. of at least 500C above the m.p. of said sub-micron particles of binding compn. The invention further relates to a printing process using such ink and to a ceramic substrate printed with a pattern or image having an etch-like effect, by means of the printing process. [on SciFinder(R)]

The invention relates to a method for prepg. an aq.-based dispersion of metal nanoparticles comprising: (a) pre-reducing a metal salt suspension by a H2O sol. polymer capable of metal redn. to form a metal nuclei; and (b) adding a chem. reducer to form metal nanoparticles in dispersion. The invention further relates to aq.-based dispersions of metal nanoparticles, and to compns. such as inks comprising such dispersions. [on SciFinder(R)]

Organoleptically acceptable chewing gums (composed of a gum base, at least one edible acid, and optionally other ingredients) are characterized by high adherence to plaque bacteria. Thus, a ratio between gum base and malic acid of 60:1.8 may be used. A method for prepg. the chewing gum includes triturating a coloring agent (e.g., carmoisine). A method for com. producing and marketing the chewing gums includes testing the chewing gums for adhesion to bacteria, such as plaque bacteria. [on SciFinder(R)]

The present invention provides an in vitro system for compartmentalization of large mol. libraries and provides methods for selection and isolation of mols. having desired activities from such libraries. The present invention provides novel and inventive applications of IVC for the selection of mols. being capable of modulating a particular activity of a known biol. active moiety, including, but not limited to an enzyme. The inventors of the present invention utilize a micelle delivery system that enables the transport of various solutes, including metal ions, into the emulsion droplets thereby inducing a desired activity of the known biol. active moiety or of the gene product. The present invention is based ion part on the unexpected finding that an IVC system can be used for directed evolution of nuclease inhibitors. In vitro compartmentalization (IVC) uses water-in-oil emulsions to create artificial cell-like compartments in which genes can be individually transcribed and translated. Here, the inventors present a new application of IVC for the selection of DNA-nuclease inhibitors. They developed a nano-droplets delivery system that allows the transport of various solutes, including metal ions, into the emulsion droplets. This transport mechanism was used to regulate the activity of colicin nucleases that were co-compartmentalized with the genes, so that the nucleases were activated by nickel or cobalt ions only after the potential inhibitor genes have been translated. They demonstrated its utility by selecting libraries of the gene encoding the cognate inhibitor of colicin E9 (immunity protein 9, or Im9) for inhibition of another colicin (ColE7). The in vitro evolved inhibitors show significant inhibition of ColE7 both in vitro and in vivo. These Im9 variants carry mutations into residues that det. the selectivity of the natural counterpart (Im7) while completely retaining the residues that are conserved throughout the family of immunity protein inhibitors. [on SciFinder(R)]

Ink jet printable compns. that include nano metal powders in a liq. carrier are described for printing elec. conductor patterns. These compns. have high metal nanopowder concns. and low viscosities. [on SciFinder(R)]

A nanoemulsion useful for improving light-fastness of water-based inks comprises nanodroplets of UV stabilizer in water, wherein the nanodroplets comprise (a) water-immiscible liq. phase, which is a UV stabilizer or a mixt. of UV stabilizers, (b) submicron solid particles of at least one UV stabilizer dispersed within said nanodroplets, and wherein the av. size of the droplets is < 350 nm. The nanoemulsion may further comprise one or more light fastness agents selected from UV absorbers, UV blockers, antioxidants, singlet oxygen quenchers, super oxide anion quenchers, ozone quenchers, visible light absorbers, or IR absorbers. [on SciFinder(R)]

The present invention relates to biocompatible polymeric beads and to biocompatible delivery systems comprising same for controlled or sustained release of bioactive mols. In particular, the invention relates to polymeric beads having a two-phase core and shell structure and to polymeric delivery systems comprising same that provide sustained release of the bioactive compd. A method of prepg. the biocompatible polymeric beads, comprises: (1) mixing an aq. soln. or suspension of the bioactive compd. in an oily phase to form a water-in-oil emulsion, in the presence of at least one surface active agent; (2) homogenizing the mixt.; (3) applying a polymeric shell around small droplets of the emulsion by means of core/shell extrusion; and (4) solidifying the shell to form two phase core-and-shell-structured polymeric beads. For example, both emulsion and suspension bead expts. were conducted with micronized halofuginone·HBr (I). A water-in-oil emulsion was prepd., in which the internal phase contained I and the oil was sunflower oil. Beads were formed by a core-shell double nozzle using a shell soln. contg. Na alginate and a crosslinking agent contg. CaCl2. [on SciFinder(R)]

The present invention relates to biocompatible polymeric delivery systems for controlled or sustained release of quinazolinone derivs.(I; n = 1-2; R1 = H, halo, NO2, benzo, alkyl, Ph, alkoxy; R2 = OH, acetoxy, alkoxy; R3 = H, alkenoxy carbonyl), including the compd. halofuginone. In particular the invention relates to a polymeric delivery system comprising biocompatible polymeric beads having a two-phase core and shell structure, or polymeric films, beads or complexes that provide local sustained release of the pharmacol. agent. For example, polymeric emulsion beads with core/shell structure were prepd. for controlled release of halofuginone. A water-in-oil emulsion was prepd., in which the 20% wt. internal phase contained 50 mg halofuginone HBr/mL and the oil was sunflower oil. The emulsion was prepd. by adding the aq. halofuginone soln. in to the oil which contains 2.7% wt. span 80, and homogenized. Beads were formed by a core-shell double nozzle Innotek. The shell soln. was 2.5% sodium alginate and 2.5% silica in aq. soln. [on SciFinder(R)]

The present invention provides a drug delivery system comprising nanoparticles or microparticles of a water poorly sol. drug dispersed in a polymeric bead contg. essentially only of hydrophilic polymers (i.e., without hydrophobic polymers). The present invention further provides a method of producing the drug delivery system of the invention. Thus, a 4% sodium alginate soln. was prepd. by mixing 16 g of sodium alginate and 400 g water together with 0.4 g of Bronopol (preservative) at about 37° until complete dissoln. A crosslinking agent was prepd. by dissolving 14.8 g of calcium chloride dihydrate in 1000 g water. An oil-in-water emulsion (20% oil phase, 80% aq. phase) was prepd. contg. 3% surfactant (mixt. of Tween 20 and Span 20, HLB = 10) and 3.3584 g of simvastatine powder (a poorly sol. drug) in 80.0 g toluene. To a mixt. of 95.1 g of 4% sodium alginate soln. and 3.8 g of silica used to prevent shrinking upon drying, was added 95.1 g of the o/w emulsion and stirred together until homogeneous mixt. was achieved. The alginate-emulsion mixt. was introduced into encapsulator and jetted into 100 mM CaCl2 crosslinking soln. to obtain simvastatine beads. [on SciFinder(R)]