Two sets of comb-grafted polymeric surfactants based on poly(methylhydrogen siloxane) (PHMS) and/or poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PHMS-PDMS) were prepd. by silylation of the active Si-H group with an active ω-vinyl group of specially designed undecenoic-polyethylene glycol esters (UPEG) to formation "newly-designed" polysiloxane-grafted-polyethylene glycol comb-copolymeric surfactants. The hydrophilic moieties are hooked to the hydrophobic backbone through a "spacer" (undecenoic acid). The variation in the surfactants' structures were in the length and d. of the grafted hydrophilic moieties, the chain length (DP) and nature of the hydrophobic backbone. The first 12 different polymeric surfactants (set 1), termed PHMS-UPEG, were ineffective emulsifiers with limited ability to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions. The second set of surfactants, named PHMS-PDMS-UPEG comb-grafted copolymers, significantly reduced the oil-water interfacial tension and efficiently stabilized several types of oil-in-water emulsions. The best emulsifier of this set (PHMS-PDMS-52-UPEG-45), seems to be one whose anchor backbone (PHMS-PDMS) dissolves (rather than spreads) in the oil phase, and whose stabilizing moieties are sufficiently long (45 EO units) and "hooked" to the silicone backbone at high d. (52% substitution). [on SciFinder(R)]

Attempts have been made to produce and use new polymeric surfactants based on polysiloxane-graft-poly(oxyethylene) for stabilization of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple emulsions. Hydrophobic comb-grafted copolymers have been used at the inner interface to obtain stable small droplet size water-in-oil emulsions. Hydrophilic comb-grafted copolymers with similar structures but with high d. grafting and long poly(oxyethylene) chains have been used to stabilize the outer interface of the W/O/W emulsion. Stable multiple emulsion formulations with very slow release rates can be obtained when using the two types of silicone emulsifier. [on SciFinder(R)]