@article {10220,
	title = {Relations between shape, materials properties, and function in biological materials using laser speckle interferometry- In situ tooth deformation},
	journal = {ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS},
	volume = {16},
	number = {15},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {1925-1936},
	abstract = {The manner\&nbsp;in\&nbsp;which stiff\&nbsp;biological\&nbsp;objects, such as whole bones and teeth, deform under load can provide direct insight into their\&nbsp;in\&nbsp;vivo functions, while highlighting the\&nbsp;relations\&nbsp;between\&nbsp;their structure and\&nbsp;materialsproperties. A new approach for studying the mechanical functions of such objects,\&nbsp;using\&nbsp;as an example the crowns of human teeth, is developed.\&nbsp;Tooth-crown\&nbsp;deformation\&nbsp;under a compressive load is determined\&nbsp;inwater\&nbsp;using\&nbsp;laser\&nbsp;speckle\&nbsp;interferometry. The\&nbsp;deformation\&nbsp;patterns are analyzed\&nbsp;using\&nbsp;a novel procedure that reveals the relative magnitudes of 3D displacements of the outer surface. Nanometer-scale deformations of natural teeth were compared to deformations of identical acrylic replicas,\&nbsp;in\&nbsp;order to differentiate\&nbsp;betweencontributions of the structure-material\&nbsp;properties\&nbsp;from contributions of morphology. It is shown that human premolars deform\&nbsp;in\&nbsp;a manner that is largely controlled by\&nbsp;shape;\&nbsp;in\&nbsp;natural teeth, the enamel cap appears to displace mainly as a rigid body, undergoing moderate\&nbsp;deformation. These observations contribute to the understanding of whole-tooth\&nbsp;performance under load. The approach for analyzing the\&nbsp;deformation\&nbsp;of loaded whole objects is directly applicable to the study of many stiff\&nbsp;biological\&nbsp;specimens, including comparisonsbetween\&nbsp;normal and altered (repaired or genetically modified) bones.},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adfm.200600120/abstract},
	author = {Zaslansky, Paul and Ron Shahar and Friesem, Asher A and Weiner, Steve}
}
