We describe a non-cooperative bargaining model for games in coalition form without transferable utility. In this model random moves determine the order by which the players take their actions. the specific assignment of probability distributions to these chance moves is called the mechanics of the bargaining. Within this framework we examine the relation between the property of mechanism robustness, and coalition stability of the bargaining outcome, by showing that these two properties boil down to be the same.
The photodissociation of HCl in the cluster Ar...HCl by an extremely short pulse was studied using a hybrid quantum mechanical/classical approach. In this method, the H atom is treated quantum mechanically, the heavy atoms classically, and the time-dependent self-consistent-field (TDSCF) approximation is used to couple the quantum with the classical modes. The results are compared with those of classical trajectory calculations. On the whole, good qualitative agreement is found between the results of the (partly quantum) hybrid method and the pure classical ones. However, quantum interference effects of quantitative significance are found both in the angular and in the kinetic energy distribution of the H atom product. These effects, and resonances that contribute to the process, are analyzed in terms of wave packets obtained for the H atom in the hybrid method. The usefulness and applicability of the hybrid method are discussed in the light of the results.
In this paper we present a rigid-rod model (involving a restricted set of orientations) which is solved first with mean-field theory and then by Monte Carlo simulation. It is shown that both interparticle attractions and anisotropic adsorption energies are necessary in order for two successive fluid-fluid transitions to occur. The first is basically a gas-liquid condensation of ``lying down'' rods in the plane of the surface, and the second involves a ``standing up'' of the particles. A close qualitative correspondence is established between the results obtained in the mean-field and Monte Carlo descriptions. The role of biaxial states, i.e., in-plane orientational ordering, is also discussed in both contexts. To this end, we develop an analogy between our one-component rod monolayer and a bidisperse system of interconverting isotropic particles.
Suggested here is a neural net algorithm for the n-queens problem. The net is basically a Hopfield net but with one major difference: every unit is allowed to inhibit itself. This distinctive characteristic enables the net to escape efficiently from all local minima. The net’s dynamics then can be described as a travel in paths of low-level energy spaces until it finds a solution (global minimum). The paper explains why standard Hopfield nets have failed to solve the queens problem and proofs that the self-inhibiting net (NQ2 algorithm in the text) never stabilizes in local minima and relaxes when it falls into a global minimum are provided. The experimental results supported by theoretical explanation indicate that the net never continually oscillates but relaxes into a solution in polynomial time. In addition, it appears that the net solves the queens problem regardless of the dimension n or the initialized values. The net uses only few parameters to fix the weights; all globally determined as a function of n.
