This book is not a Coptic grammar, nor is it cast in the semblance of one: it is a series of studies of a fairly central area of Coptic syntax, a detailed systematic charting of a subsystem or more or less continuous range of grammatical phenomena.
Thirty-four femoral necks from human cadavers were measured by techniques assessing bone density and bone mineral density, and by the Singh index. These methods are based on photon interaction with biological components and can be applied noninvasively for clinical evaluation of changes in skeletal status. Trabecular bone volume, mineralized bone volume, and relative osteoid volume were evaluated histomorphometrically using undecalcified histologic sections obtained from the same samples. The trabecular and mineralized bone volumes showed significant correlations with the bone density and mineral density. These results enhance the validity of recently developed photon-interaction techniques for evaluating bone properties.
The potential of clonal rat osteosarcoma (ROS) cell lines to form mineralized matrices was assessed in diffusion chambers in vivo. Diffusion chambers were inoculated with osteoblastic (ROS 17/2 and its subclone ROS 17/2.8) and non-osteoblastic (ROS 24/1) clonal lines and implanted either intraperitoneally into athymic mice or subcutaneously into syngeneic ACI rats. Control chamber cultures of rabbit marrow or spleen cells were also incubated in athymic mice. Light and electron microscopy of chambers with ROS 17/2 and ROS 17/2.8 cells revealed production of mineralized matrices typical of osteosarcoma and characterized by abundance of collagen fibrils and associated mineralizing nodules. ROS 24/1 cells produced similar collagenous matrices, but these were devoid of mineral. The present experiments, carried out independently in two different laboratories, demonstrate the potential of ROS cells to produce a mineralized matrix. This corroborates previous studies on other osteoblastic features of these cell lines.
Oil-in-glycerol/water emulsions at various ratios of H2O to glycerol in the external phase were prepd. with Tween 80 and either light mineral oil or soybean oil. A min. in the droplet size was obsd. at ∼15 wt.% H2O in the external phase of the emulsions. At the same H2O concn., a clouding of the surfactant occurs at room temp. and the surface and interfacial tensions are minimal. It appears, therefore, that the min. droplet size of the emulsions is related to the clouding phenomenon, as a result of changes in the properties of the solvent and the surfactant. [on SciFinder(R)]
Two multiple emulsions, one with liq. oil and one with solid oil (paraffin wax), were prepd. Diln. of the emulsion in an electrolyte soln. (0.9% (wt./wt.) NaCl) caused a decrease in droplet size within 15 min only in the emulsion which contained the liq. oil phase, while the particle sizes of the solid multiple emulsion/dispersion remained const., confirming the existence of stable rigid oil membrane. [on SciFinder(R)]
The release of electrolytes from water-oil-water (W/O/W) emulsions was studied. A significant difference was obsd. in the release of NaCl and org. ion (ephedrine-HCl [50-98-6]). The rate of release decreased with the increase of the initial concn. of the electrolyte. A kinetic model which is similar to the model for release of dispersed drugs from a polymeric matrix was suitable for the release of electrolytes from multiple emulsions. [on SciFinder(R)]
