Date Published:

Abstract:

Pore formation in unilamellar lipid vesicles is believed to occur when the concentration of membrane-bound drug molecules exceeds a certain value. We treat this phenomenon in analogy with that of the micellization of surfactant in bulk aqueous solutions, thereby relating the threshold concentration of drug molecules to the free energy associated with transferring a molecule to a pore from its uniformly-dispersed state in the membrane. Incorporating the effect of lateral tension induced by osmotic pressure, we calculate the lowering of the pore-formation threshold with increasing tension. These predictions are tested by direct measurements on liposomal dispersions involving the antifungal drug amphotericin B.